December, 2023, ESIR, “Transformational education in poly-crisis“, new publication with contribution from Epaminondas Christophilopoulos (Greece Node Chair) among others.
December 14, 2023, Directorate-General for Research and Innovation (European Commission), “Artificial General Intelligence. Issues and opportunities” by Jerome Glenn, in Foresight on Demand, “Foresight towards the 2nd Strategic Plan for Horizon Europe” by Weber, M., Wasserbacher, D., Kastrinos, N..
December, 2024, The Millennium Project publication, “Futures 2.0 – World Foresight Encyclopedic Dictionary“, by Concepcion Olavarreita (Mexico Node Chair), Jerome Glenn, and Ted Gordon.
December 7, 2024, The Millennium Project, The Millennium Project announces the appointment of Ibon Zugasti as new Deputy Director.
December 4, 2023, dreamsanddiruptions.com, “Gamification as a research method at the 2023 The Millennium Project Planning Dubai” by Shermon Cruz, Philippines Node and APF Chair.
December, 2023, 2bahead, Strategic Foresight 2034, including an interview to Shermon Cruz, Philippines and APF Chair, on the democratization of strategic foresight and on Forecasting challenging Foresight.
December 4, 2023, dreamsanddiruptions.com, “Dreams and Disruptions Launched at the Dubai Future Forum 2023″ by Shermon Cruz, Philippines Node and APF Chair, with pictures of The Millennium Project Planning Committee Meeting in Dubai.
November 2023, Imagining the Digital Future, “Augmented intelligence can inspire humanity to significantly upgrade everything” by Jerome Glenn.
November, 2023, Transactions, “The landscape of Foresight Networks in the Asia-Pacific” by Shermon Cruz (Philippines Node) and Nicole Anne K. Moura, including references to The Millennium Project’s key activities.
November, 2023, IFTF Foresight Talk — Dreams and Disruptions: Gamification for the Future with Shermon Cruz, Philippines Node and APF Chair, video interview.
November, 2023, Futuri, new issue on “Policrisi. Europa, Mediterraneo e scenari globali” with contributions from Mario Bolzan (Italy Node member) and Simone Di Zio (Italy Node Co-Chair) on “In ricordo di Antonio Pacinelli” and from Mara Di Berardo (Italy Node Co-Chair) et al. on “I Futures Studies in Italia: un’analisi esplorativa”.
November 30, 2023, bta.bg, “Ние сме тези, които започваме да се нагаждаме към изкуствения интелект, а не той към нас, каза футурологът доц. Мариана Тодорова” (a.t. We are the ones who are starting to adapt to artificial intelligence, not it to us, said futurologist Assoc. Mariana Todorova), interview to Mariana Todorova, Bulgaria Node Chair, on AI.
November 29, 2023, La Nacion, “La Global Futures Society de Dubái, la mayor red mundial de futurólogos, crece en el Foro del Futuro de Dubái con la adhesión de 36 nuevas instituciones” with references to the Global Future Society co-funded by The Millennium Project.
November 23, 2023, Finland Futures Research Center (FFR 4/2023), “Flourishing Urban Futures to Overcome Polycrises – Roadmap for Resilience 2050″, a new book edited by Sirkka Heinonen (Helsinki Node Co-Chair) and others reporting on The Millennium Project Special Sessions carried out during the 2022 and 2023 FFRC Futures Conferences.
November 21, 2023: World Futures Review, “From Insight to Foresight: The Transformative Potentials of the Futures Triangle” by Shermon Cruz, Philippines and APF Chair in collaboration with others.
November 19, 2023, Liberal.gr, “Τεχνητή Νοημοσύνη: Γιατί δεν είναι αρκετό ένα ευρωπαϊκό ρυθμιστικό πλαίσιο” (a.t. Artificial Intelligence: Why a European regulatory framework is not enough) by Epaminondas Christophilopoulos (Greece Node Chair), with references to a Global Technology Observatory proposed by The Millennium Project.
November 14, 2023, Modern Diplomacy, “What can the current EU AI approach do to overcome the challenges at its core” by Epaminondas Christophilopoulos (Greece Node Chair).
November 10, 2023, Futures Vol. 154, “Delphi-based visual scenarios: An innovative use of generative adversarial networks” by Simone Di Zio (Italy Node Co-Chair), Yuri Calleo, Mario Bolzan (Italy Node member).
November 6, 2023, Infobae.com, “La urgencia de un pacto por el Futuro” by Héctor Casanueva (Chile Node Chair).
November 3, 2023, Futuuri Newsletter n. 2/2023, the issue is focused on the Futures Conference 2023 on “Empowering Futures” by the Helsinki Node and reports on the Special Millennium Project Session the Brazil Node Chair, Rosa Alegria, keynote speech on “ Intergenerational Dialogue” among others.
October 2023, Book, “Latinoamérica 2050. Retos, escenarios y acciones“, by Concepcion Olavarrieta (Mexico Node Chair), Guillermo Gándara, and Jorge Máttar (Mexico Node members), is based on the 15 Global Challenges facing humanity and includes contributions from 25 Latin American futurists.
October, 2023, Directorate-General for Research and Innovation (European Commission), R&I foresight in government, with contributions from Cornelia Daheim (Germany Node Co-Chair), Philippe Destatte (Brussels Node Co-Chair) and others.
October, 2023, APF Compass, “New Paradigms and the Role of NextGen Leaders in Navigating the Future” by Seren Dalkiran, The Netherlands Node member.
October 28, 2023, Los Andes, “Si quieres la paz, prepárate para la guerra”: Un error gravísimo, repetido por más de 17 siglos” by Miguel Gutierrez (Argentina Node Co-Chair), with references to The Millennium Project’ Middle East Peace Scenarios.
Oct. 20, 2023, phd2050.0rg, Territorial Foresight, Intellectual Indiscipline with Demanding Heuristics, Speech to the 2023 Science Congress, held at the University of Namur (Wallonia) on 23 and 24 August 2023, by Philippe Destatte (Brussels Node Co-Chair).
Oct. 20, 2023, ufuktarhan.com & Oksijen Newspaper, José Cordeiro, author of Immortal Human, asserts, “Some of us will be the first immortal humans”, interview to Cordeiro (Venezuela & RIBER Node Chair) by Ufuk Tarhan (Türkiye Node Co-Chair).
Oct. 17, 2023, Infobae, “Ni inteligente ni artificial. Está limitada por la programación y los datos con que trabaja y se entrena” by Héctor Casanueva (Chile Node), with references to The Millennium Project’ AGI study and first report.
Oct. 17, 2023, ufuktarhan.com, “Sakın Ölmeyin!” (a.t. “Don’t Die!”) by Ufuk Tarhan (Türkiye Node Co-Chair) on a recent meeting with José Luis Cordeiro (Venezuela & RIBER Node Chair) to our Türkiye Node: https://ufuktarhan.com/makale/sakin-olmeyin
Oct. 15, 2023, phd2050.org, “What is terrorism?” by Philippe Destatte (Brussels Node Co-Chair).
Oct. 13, 2023, Directorate-General for Research and Innovation (European Commission), Research, innovation, and technology policy in times of geopolitical competition, by Epaminondas Christophilopoulos (Greece Node Chair) and others.
Oct. 5, 2023, Lifeboat Foundation, “Actions for Wealth Inequality by the Millenium Project, Ranked“, by Arav Jain.
Oct. 3, 2023, ilsussidiario.net, “SCENARI/ I dati non bastano più: come costruire i nostri futuri ed evitare “cigni neri” (a.t. SCENARIOS / data are not enough anymore: how to build our futures and avoid black swans) by Simone Di Zio, Italy Node Co-Chair.
Oct. 1, 2023, Nation World, “Latin America 2050, a call to action to achieve structural changes in the region World”, with information about the recent launch of the book on “Latin America 2050: Challenges, scenarios and actions” by the Mexico and Bolivia Nodes.
Sept., 2023, IIF, “Perché studiare il futuro?” book, translation of Eleonora Masini’s “Why Futures Studies” with a postface by Mara Di Berardo (Italy Node).
Sept. 30, 2023, Human Futures by the World Futures Studies Federation (May), with contributions from Leopold Mureithi, Kenya and East Africa Nodes Chair, and Martin Kruse (Copenhagen Node Chair).
Sept. 29, UNESCO Chair in Futures Research, “Imagining the future together with MOMus”, by Epaminondas Christophilopoulos (Greece Node Chair).
Sept. 29, 2023, Futures (154), 2023, 103244, “World Futures Day 2022: A mixed method approach to identify topics of a global futures agenda” by Mara Di Berardo, Simone Di Zio (Italy Node Co-Chairs), and Lara Fontanella.
Sept. 28, 2023, Globo, “Futurista aposta na morte da morte“, interview to José Cordeiro (Spain Node Chair) and David Wood (UK Node Co-Chair).
Sept. 27, 2023, IFTF Foresight Talk, “Innovating Global Social Enterprise Through Foresight” video interview with Ibon Zugasti, Spain Node Chair.
Sept. 19, 2023, The Innovation Room, Episode 41 podcast, with Jerome Glenn exploring “The 2050 Horizon” and how AI will transform life and business in the next 10-15 years in this podcast by Geeks Ltd.
Sept. 19, 2023, London Futurist, “Bletchley Park AI Safety Summit: A preview“, recording of the webinar with Jerome Glenn among the speakers.
September 18-19, 2023, APFN 2022 Award, Puruesh Chaudhary, Pakistan Node Chair, receives the Asia-Pacific Futures Network 2022 award for the best article enhancing futures thinking in the Asia-Pacific community during the 9th Asia Pacific Futures Conference in Kuala Lumpur.
Sept. 12, 2023, CogX Award, The Millennium Project riceiveid the CogX’ “Recognising Leadership – Grand Jury Prize” 2023 during the gala dinner in London, the Recognising Leadership award for “the best of the best” category.
Sept. 9, 2023, Diario El Argentino (Chile), “Gobernanza internacional de la inteligencia artificial” by Héctor Casanueva (Chile Node Chair) about the recent AGI study – 1st phase – by The Millennium Project.
Sept. 6, 2023, Infobae (Chile), “Gobernanza internacional de la inteligencia artificial” by Héctor Casanueva (Chile Node Chair) about the recent AGI study – 1st phase – by The Millennium Project.
Sept. 6, 2023, Ap-Fi, “Futures Studies. Contributions and Sources“, a new free publication by Victor V. Motti, Jerome C. Glenn, Mara Di Berardo (Italy Node), Jospeh N. Pelton, Annette Gardner, Thomas Mengel, and Leopold Mureithi (Kenia and EA Nodes).
Sept. 5, 2023, Diario Estrategia (Chile), “The Millennium Project”: Se necesita urgentemente cooperación global para controlar los riesgos de la IA avanzada” about the recent AGI study – 1st phase – by The Millennium Project.
August, 2023, SAFN, Global cooperation urgently needed to govern risks of advanced AI, warns new report” by Abeyagoonasekera (SAFN and Sri Lanka Node Chair) about the recent AGI study – 1st phase – by The Millennium Project.
August 22, 2023, Newswires, “Global cooperation urgently needed to govern risks of advanced AI, warns new report”.
August 18, 2023, Gerd, “Global cooperation urgently needed to govern risks of advanced AI, warns new Millennium Project report“, by Gerd Leonard.
August 16, 2023, El Mostrador, “Inteligencia Artificial: ¿la bomba atómica del siglo XXI?” by Héctor Casanueva (Chile Node Chair).
August 10, 2023, Infobae, “Lecciones de Hiroshima y Nagasaky para la Inteligencia Artificial” by Héctor Casanueva (Chile Node Chair).
August 9, 2023, Futures, Volume 153, “Exploring the research dynamics of futures studies: An analysis of six top journals” by Simone Di Zio, Italy Node Chair, Alice Tontodimamma, Emiliano Del Gobbo, Lara Fontanella.
August 1, 2023, The Millennium Project publication, “International Governance Issues of the Transition from Artificial Narrow Intelligence to Artificial General Intelligence (AGI)”, report of the first phase of the study, available in English, Spanish, and Chinese.
July 31, 2023, Cadmus (Volume 5, Issue 2, August 2023), “Zero-Sum Power Politics vs. Synergetic Politics for Human Security“, new publication by Jerome C. Glenn exploring zero-sum power politics as a fundamental threat to human security and proposing synergetic relations among nations ato improve human security.
July, 2023, UNESCO Report, “UNESCO-PMU Symposium: towards evaluation frameworks for futures literacy and foresight“, reporting main discussions of the conference with the participation of our Node Chairs from the Philippines, Spain, Poland, Southern Africa.
July, 2023, Publication, fifth report on “Indicadores Internacionales para la toma de decisiones 2022” by the Ministerio de Planificación Nacional y Política Económica (Mideplan), hosting the Costa Rica Node of The Millennium Project, and edited, among others, by Carlos Alonso Marschall Murillo, Chair of the Costa Rica Node.
July 2023, ESIR Focus Paper, “Industry 5.0 and the future of work. Making Europe the centre of gravity for future good-quality jobs” by ESIR group, with contributions from Epaminondas Christophilopoulos (Greece Node Chair) and references to The Millennium Project and the Work/Tech 2050 study.
July, 2023, Publication, “Citizens’ engagement approaches and methods in R&I foresight” by Philippe Destatte, Co-Chair of the Brussels Node, released in the framework of Horizon Europe, Policy Support Facility, European Commission, DG Research and Innovation.
July 2023, Publication, “The Death of death. The Death of Death: The Scientific Possibility of Physical Immortality and its Moral Defense”, by José Cordeiro (Venezuela & RIBER Node) and David Wood (UK Node).
July 18, 2023, Alternative Planetary Futures Institute, “Securing Our Future: Addressing AGI Governance and Security Threats on a Planetary Scale”, with references to The Millennium Project’ study on AGI and speeches by Jerome Glenn.
June 15, 2023, Dubai Future Foundation, “What does it mean to be human?“, with contributions from José Cordeiro (RIBER And Spain Nodes), “What does the future hold?” docuseries videos.
July 10, 2023, Teaser, “Eternal Youth: Secrets of Longevity” is a new documentary by Eternal Youth Film exploring and divulging practices that reveal the secrets to a longer and healthier life, with interviews to Jerome Glenn, José Cordeiro (RIBER and Venezuela Node), and David Wood (UK Node) among others.
June 7-9, 2023, South Summit, A View of Humanity from 2050, Recording of Jerome Glenn’s speech.
June 12, 2023, Newsinspain.es, “DES 2023 forum expected to generate 34 million euros for Malaga”, announcing Jerome Glenn’s participation to DES 2023.
May, 2023, FFRC, “Towards Twin Transformations and Spaces – Convoluted Conversations on the Green and Digital Futures of Work” by Sirkka Heinonen (Helsinki Node) et al.
May 29, 2023, INSPIRE project, Video report of the workshops designed for the art exhibition called “Intensity. Future scenarios and other stories” run by our Greece Node with the support of The Millennium Project.
May 27, 2023, London Futurist’ Podcast, Assess AI Risk Skepticism, webinar by UK Node with David Wood, UK Node Co-Chair, Mariana Todorova, Bulgaria Node Chair, and others discussing how we should respond to the idea that advances in AI pose catastrophic risks for the wellbeing of humanity.
May 27, 2023, Conference video recording, “The State of Foresight Studies in the World” by PCNS, ICESCO, andPMBFU with our Geci Karuri-Sebina, Southern Africa Node, and Epaminondas Christophilopoulos (Greece Node Chair).
May 15, 2023, inform.kz, “International study projects scenarios for future of work in 2050“, by Nurmaganbetova Zhanna, discussing the Work/Tech 2050 study by The Millennium Project.
May 5, 2023, Alternative Planetary Futures Institute, “The Futures of US-China Relations: Examining Historical Trends and Projections Using IFs System” with quotes by Jerome Glenn.
April, 2023, Mideplan Publication, “Indicadores Internacionales para la toma de decisiones 2022“, by Carlos von Marschall Murillo (Costa Rica Node Chair), Stephanie Araya Jiménez, Luis Diego Romero Araya.
April, 2023, APF’s Compass, “Long-Term Strategic Thinking, intensive collaboration, and deep foresight need to navigate a fast-changing world. Insights from the Inaugural Dubai Future Forum“, by Modafar Akhoirsheda and Shermon Cruz, Philippines Node, with reference to the Global Futures Society established with The Millennium Project et al.
April, 2023, Report, Delphi Study on the development of the metaverse towards 2030, report by the Copenhagen Institute for Futures Studies, Denmak Node.
April 2023, White Paper, The Future of the Metaverse, scenarios by the Copenhagen Institute for Futures Studies, Denmak Node.
April 23, 2023, instantfuture.org, “HORIZON SCANNING: The Global Future”, by Brock Hinzmann, Silicon Valley Node.
April 18, 2023, Futura Network, “World Futures Day: 10 anni di agorà globale per un mondo condiviso” (“World Futures Day: Five years of global agora for a shared world“), short video reporting by Mara Di Berardo (Italy Node).
April 17, 2023, Inspire project, Report by Epaminondas Christophilopoulos (Greece Node Chair) on the art workshop inspired by the Work/Tech 2050 study by The Millennium Project.
April 15, 2023, Universidad Franz Tamayo – UNIFRANZ (Bolivia Node), Presentation of “La Muerte de la Muerte” – video recording, with José Luis Cordeiro (Venezuela and RIBER Nodes) and Verónica Agreda de Pazos (Bolivia Node).
April 12, 2023, Futura Network, “Il reddito universale di base sarà la soluzione alla disoccupazione tecnologica?” (“Will Universal Basic Income be the solution to technological unemployment?“), with references to The Millennium Project’ “Work/Tech 2050. Scenarios and Actions” study.
March 2023, UNESCO Chair on futures research Publication, “Greece – Our Futures” by Epaminondas Christofilopoulos (Greece Node Chair), Erica Bol (German Node founder), and Laurent Bontoux.
March 2023, Policy Brief, “The Green and Digital Future of Work in Greece towards 2050” by Epaminondas Christophilopoulos (Greece Node Chair), in collaboration with Charalambos Tsekeris and supported by the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung. The brief is based upon, and responsive to, the three work/tech 2050 scenarios,
March 2023, Purpose Alliance initiative, 40th Purpose Challenge “Creating a Better World”, Video talks on “Global Challenges” by Jerome Glenn and on “The death of death” by José Cordeiro (Venezuela and RIBER Nodes).
March, 2023, Publication, “Constructive Conversations on resilient urban futures“, by Sirkka Heinonen, Joni Karjalainen, Amos Taylor, Anahita Rashidfarokhi, Saija Toivonen & Lassi Tähtinen, Finland Futures Research Center (Finland Node).
March 27, 2023: Liberal.gr, “Πώς να ξεχωρίσετε έναν αγύρτη ειδικό του μέλλοντος; (“How to distinguish a charlatan futurist?“) by Epaminondas Christofilopoulos (Greece Node Chair).
March, 2023, Executive Excellence, “2045: la era de la singularidad tecnológica”, interview to José Cordeiro (Venezuela and RIBER Nodes).
March 2023, Journal of Futures Studies, “On Desired Remote Possibilities of the Future: Could Counterfactual Analysis Challenge Prognostic Reflexes?” new paper by Blagovesta Nikolova & Mariana Todorova (Bulgaria Node Chair).
March, 2023, Report, “How will we disgust our descendants?“, report by the Polish Society for Futures Studies and 4CF The Futures Literacy Company, Poland Node.
March, 2023, SAFN Monographic Series: 2023 Volume 1, “The baneful existence of Chinese sea cucumber farms in Sri Lanka“, by Asanga Abeyagoonasekera (SAFN and Sri Lanka Node Chair).
March 3, 2023, Report, “From Power to Foresight: Reimagining Pathways of Land Use and Water Governance Futures” is a new report by Heidi D. Mendoza and Shermon O. Cruz, Chair of the Philippines Node of The Millennium Project, recently published on Vol. 27 No. 3 March 2023, Journal of Futures Studies.
March 1, 2023, APFN 2022 Award, Puruesh Chaudhary, Pakistan Node Chair, wins the Asia-Pacific Futures Network 2022 award for the best article enhancing futures thinking in the Asia-Pacific community.
February, 2023, Foresight on Demand, “Foresight Towards the 2nd Strategic Plan for Horizon Europe. “Artificial General Intelligence. Issues and Opportunities. Rapid Exploration“, report by Jerome C. Glenn for the European Commission.
February, 2023, Publication, “Lineamientos para incorporar la Planificación Prospectiva Estratégica en el Sistema Nacional de Planificación (SNP)”, by Carlos Alonso Marschall Murillo (Costa Rica Node), Ministerio de Planificación Nacional y Política Económica.
February, 2023, Publication, “Prospectiva y Politica Publica“, by Carlos Alonso Marschall Murillo (Costa Rica Node), Ministerio de Planificación Nacional y Política Económica.
February 27, 2023, World Futures Day 10th anniversary, March 1. Download press release (English), Read press release (French), Read press release (Italian), Read press release (Turkish), Read press release (German).
February, 2023, Trailer, “Longevity Hackers“, trailer for a new documentary on radical life extension including Jose Cordeiro (Venezuela & RIBER Node).
February 26, 2023, Liberal.gr, “Πέντε σενάρια για το επιχειρηματικό τοπίο στην Ευρώπη προς το 2045” (“Five scenarios for the business landscape in Europe towards 2045“) by Epaminondas Christofilopoulos (Greece Node Chair).
Fabruary 23, Humanity+ newsletter #2, with information about World Futures Day.
February 21, 2023, 4CF.eu Blog, “World Futures Day 2023“.
February 19, 2023, Amna.gr-APE/MPE, “Πόσο γρήγορα θα μπορούσαμε να έχουμε Γενική Τεχνητή Νοημοσύνη;” (“How soon could we have Artificial General Intelligence?“), interview to Jerome C. Glenn by Alexandra Gouta.
February 14, 2023, Futurized Podcast, Trond Undheim interviews Jerome Glenn about his work at The Millennium Project, discussing the many potential risks and uncertainties that could impact the future of humanity the State of the Future publication, and the foresight documents presented to the United Nations.
February 12, 2023, Fortune Greece, “Έρευνα World Internet Project Greece 2022: Το παρόν και το μέλλον της ψηφιακής μας πραγματικότητας” (Research World Internet Project Greece 2022: The present and the future of our digital reality) by Charalambos Tsekeris and Epaminondas Christofilopoulos (Greece Node Chair), with references to The Millennium Project’ “Work/Tech 2050” Study.
February 9, 2023, Finland Futures Academy, “Join ’World Futures Day 2023’ discussions organised by the global participatory think tank Millennium Project on 1 March 2023″.
February 08, 2024, Thriving on Overload, Podcast Interview to Puruesh Chaudhary (Pakistan and SAFN Nodes) by Ross Dawson on research processes, information ecosystems, trusting societies, and contextual memes.
January 2023, European Commission Publication, Mutual Learning exercise on R&I Foresight: An Introduction to the Current State of Play, by Cornelia Daheim, Germany Node Co-Chair.
January 2023, SAFN, “Just launched – South Asia Foresight Network (SAFN) Node”.
January, 2023, Chilean Council of Foresight and Strategy, Revista De Prospectiva y estrategia n°78 (Chile Node).
January 30, 2023, Alternative Planetary Futures Institute, “A new synthetic world” by Victor Motti, with references to Jerome Glenn et al’s ideas about the necessity of establishment of the UN’s International AGI Agency in 2038.
January 24, 2023, Lifeboat Foundation, World Futures Day will take place on March 1st for the 10th year, press release.
January 20, 2023, Mindplex.ai, “The United Nations And Our Uncertain Future: Breakdown Or Breakthrough?” by David Wood (UK Node).
January 15, 2023, 124news.tv, “Who wants to live forever? Technology may make it possible – but is it plausible?” podcast interview with José Cordeiro, Venezuela and RIBER Nodes.
January 12, 2023, Niice (Nepal Institution for International Cooperation and Engagement, Nepal Node), Synergetic Thinking for the Absence of Multilateralism in South Asia, by Asanga Abeyagoonasekera (Sri-Lanka and SAFN Nodes), Jerome C. Glenn and and Josh Bowes.
January 12, 2023, The Millennium Project launches the South Asia Foresight Network (SAFN) – Futures Research for the least integrated region in the world, South Asia.
January 10, 2023, Futura n.4, “The world of future research as a mosaic”, guest editors Tero Villman, Matti Minkkinen, and Sirkka Heinonen (Finland Node), with contributions from Jerome Glenn (MP CEO), Mara Di Berardo (MP Comms Director and Italy Node), Fredy Vargas Lama (Colombia Node) et al., Miguel Angel Gutierrez (Argentina Node), Sirkka Heinonen (Finland Node). Watch the video recording.
January 2, 2023, Lifeboat Foundation, The 2022 Guardian Award Winners Defend against World Existential risks and Country Existential Risks are Jerome C. Glenn and Volodymyr Zelenskyy, who are defending against world existential risks and country existential risks, respectively.